CentOS逻辑卷调整分区大小

发表于 2018-05-04 | 分类于 Linux运维

CentOS逻辑卷调整分区大小目的

因为系统使用的是逻辑卷分区（LVM），且分区大小不合理

想增加root大小，减少home

查看磁盘使用情况

[root@LinuxCentOS ~]# df -h
Filesystem            Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/vg_linuxcentos-lv_root
                       50G  3.4G   44G   8% /
tmpfs                 3.9G   76K  3.9G   1% /dev/shm
/dev/xvda1            477M   36M  417M   8% /boot
/dev/mapper/vg_linuxcentos-lv_home
                      140G   60M  133G   1% /home
/dev/sr0              3.7G  3.7G     0 100% /media/CentOS_6.9_Final


[root@LinuxCentOS ~]# vgdisplay 
  --- Volume group ---
  VG Name               vg_linuxcentos
  System ID             
  Format                lvm2
  Metadata Areas        1
  Metadata Sequence No  4
  VG Access             read/write
  VG Status             resizable
  MAX LV                0
  Cur LV                3
  Open LV               3
  Max PV                0
  Cur PV                1
  Act PV                1
  VG Size               199.51 GiB
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              51074
  Alloc PE / Size       51074 / 199.51 GiB
  Free  PE / Size       0 / 0   
  VG UUID               DqgWat-YkkU-V56r-xNFv-XmmX-mgwD-Fi0RWh

调整home分区大小

[root@LinuxCentOS ~]# umount /home

[root@LinuxCentOS ~]# e2fsck -f /dev/mapper/vg_linuxcentos-lv_home 
e2fsck 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
Pass 1: Checking inodes, blocks, and sizes
Pass 2: Checking directory structure
Pass 3: Checking directory connectivity
Pass 4: Checking reference counts
Pass 5: Checking group summary information
/dev/mapper/vg_linuxcentos-lv_home: 11/9289728 files (0.0% non-contiguous), 631025/37148672 blocks

[root@LinuxCentOS ~]# resize2fs -p /dev/mapper/vg_linuxcentos-lv_home  20G
resize2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
Resizing the filesystem on /dev/mapper/vg_linuxcentos-lv_home to 5242880 (4k) blocks.
Begin pass 2 (max = 32768)
Relocating blocks             XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
Begin pass 3 (max = 1134)
Scanning inode table          XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
The filesystem on /dev/mapper/vg_linuxcentos-lv_home is now 5242880 blocks long.

[root@LinuxCentOS ~]# mount /home

[root@LinuxCentOS ~]# df -h
Filesystem            Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/vg_linuxcentos-lv_root
                       50G  3.4G   44G   8% /
tmpfs                 3.9G   76K  3.9G   1% /dev/shm
/dev/xvda1            477M   36M  417M   8% /boot
/dev/mapper/vg_linuxcentos-lv_home
                       20G   44M   19G   1% /home

释放空间

[root@LinuxCentOS ~]# lvreduce /dev/mapper/vg_linuxcentos-lv_home -L 20G
  WARNING: Reducing active and open logical volume to 20.00 GiB.
  THIS MAY DESTROY YOUR DATA (filesystem etc.)
Do you really want to reduce vg_linuxcentos/lv_home? [y/n]: y
  Size of logical volume vg_linuxcentos/lv_home changed from 141.71 GiB (36278 extents) to 20.00 GiB (5120 extents).
  Logical volume lv_home successfully resized.
  
  [root@LinuxCentOS ~]# df -h
Filesystem            Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/vg_linuxcentos-lv_root
                       50G  3.4G   44G   8% /
tmpfs                 3.9G   76K  3.9G   1% /dev/shm
/dev/xvda1            477M   36M  417M   8% /boot
/dev/mapper/vg_linuxcentos-lv_home
                       20G   44M   19G   1% /home
                       
[root@LinuxCentOS ~]# vgdisplay 
  --- Volume group ---
  VG Name               vg_linuxcentos
  System ID             
  Format                lvm2
  Metadata Areas        1
  Metadata Sequence No  5
  VG Access             read/write
  VG Status             resizable
  MAX LV                0
  Cur LV                3
  Open LV               3
  Max PV                0
  Cur PV                1
  Act PV                1
  VG Size               199.51 GiB
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              51074
  Alloc PE / Size       19916 / 77.80 GiB
  Free  PE / Size       31158 / 121.71 GiB
  VG UUID               DqgWat-YkkU-V56r-xNFv-XmmX-mgwD-Fi0RWh

增加释放的空间到root

[root@LinuxCentOS ~]# lvextend -L +120G /dev/mapper/vg_linuxcentos-lv_root   
  Size of logical volume vg_linuxcentos/lv_root changed from 50.00 GiB (12800 extents) to 170.00 GiB (43520 extents).
  Logical volume lv_root successfully resized.
  
[root@LinuxCentOS ~]# resize2fs -p /dev/mapper/vg_linuxcentos-lv_root 
resize2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
Filesystem at /dev/mapper/vg_linuxcentos-lv_root is mounted on /; on-line resizing required
old desc_blocks = 4, new_desc_blocks = 11
Performing an on-line resize of /dev/mapper/vg_linuxcentos-lv_root to 44564480 (4k) blocks.
The filesystem on /dev/mapper/vg_linuxcentos-lv_root is now 44564480 blocks long.

[root@LinuxCentOS ~]# df -h
Filesystem            Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/vg_linuxcentos-lv_root
                      168G  3.5G  156G   3% /
tmpfs                 3.9G   76K  3.9G   1% /dev/shm
/dev/xvda1            477M   36M  417M   8% /boot
/dev/mapper/vg_linuxcentos-lv_home
                       20G   44M   19G   1% /home

MySQL数据库自动备份脚本

发表于 2018-05-02 | 分类于 Linux运维

编写数据库备份脚本(mysqlfullbackup.sh)

#数据库备份脚本

#!/bin/sh
###############################
# 此脚本用来全量备份
# 此文件名：mysqlfullbackup.sh
#  vim /etc/crontab 
# 定时任务,计划在每天晚上23点55分进行数据备份(加 & 为后台执行)
# 55 23 * * * root /backup/mysql/full_backup/mysqlfullbackup.sh &
# # /etc/rc.d/init.d/crond restart
###############################

#备份数据库(多数据库，用逗号隔开)
mysql_databases="test"

#设置用户名和密码
mysql_user="root"
mysql_password="123456"

#mysql安装全路径
mysql_dir=/usr/local/mysql-5.6.38

#设置备份基本路径
backup_dir=/backup/mysql

#创建备份文件夹
[ -d ${backup_dir} ] || mkdir -p ${backup_dir}

full_backup_dir=$backup_dir/full_backup

#备份的时间
today=$(date +"%Y%m%d_%H%M%S")

#备份日志文件
log_file=full_backup.log

#只保留最近10天的备份（其他删除）
time=$(date -d "10 day ago" +"%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")

#开始备份,记录备份开始时间 并压缩备份文件
echo -e '['$(date +"%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")'] - '$mysql_databases' - '"备份开始\n" >> $backup_dir/$log_file

#判断目标目录是否已经存在
if [ ! -d $full_backup_dir ]; then
    mkdir -p $full_backup_dir
fi

echo -e '['$(date +"%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")'] - '$mysql_databases' - '"备份并压缩备份文件\n" >> $backup_dir/$log_file

#备份并压缩备份文件
$mysql_dir/bin/mysqldump -u$mysql_user -p$mysql_password  --databases $mysql_databases | gzip > $full_backup_dir/$mysql_databases.$today.sql.gz


[ $? -eq 0 ] && echo -e '['$(date +"%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")'] - 'All DB' - '"备份并压缩备份文件 OK!!!\n" >> $backup_dir/$log_file

#找出10天前备份的文件，然后删除
echo -e '['$(date +"%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")'] - '$mysql_databases' - '"删除10天前的备份\n" >> $backup_dir/$log_file
for file in `find -not -type d -mtime +10`
do
    rm -rf $file
done

#基于ssh key认证，mysqldump的远程mysql备份方案
copytoremote=1
remoteuser="root"
remoteip="xx.xx.xxx.xx"
if [ $copytoremote = 1 ]; then
    if [ -z $remoteuser ];then
        echo -e "remote user not set,Copy to remote Failed ...\n" >> $log_file
        exit 1
    elif [ -z $remoteip ];then
        echo -e "remote ip not set,Copy to remote Failed ...\n" >> $log_file
        exit 2
    else
        echo -e '['$(date +"%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")'] - '$mysql_databases' - '"开始使用SSH备份数据文件到远程服务器\n" >> $backup_dir/$log_file
        scp $mysql_databases.$today".sql.gz" $remoteuser@$remoteip:$full_backup_dir
    fi
fi

echo -e '['$(date +"%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")'] - '$mysql_databases' - '"备份完成\n" >> $backup_dir/$log_file

给脚本添加执行权限

1	chmod +x /backup/mysql/full_backup/mysqlfullbackup.sh

定时任务设置

修改/etc/crontab #添加计划任务

定时任务,计划在每天晚上23点55分进行数据备份(加 & 为后台执行)

vim /etc/crontab 

#在最后一行添加以下内容
55 23 * * * root /backup/mysql/full_backup/mysqlfullbackup.sh &

#重启定时任务
/etc/rc.d/init.d/crond restart

设置免密SSH拷贝备份到远程服务器

设置远程无密码拷贝

数据库服务器上执行

ssh-keygen -t rsa
#输出，连续回车
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa): 
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): 
Enter same passphrase again: 
Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
60:4d:8e:08:6d:cf:a4:5c:7f:b8:2a:29:62:ce:cf:a4 root@iZ2ze7vlqunx6jumrds0v4Z
The key's randomart image is:
+--[ RSA 2048]----+
|  ..    .        |
|   .o.o=         |
|   o.*+.o.       |
|    o.o.o .      |
|        So       |
|        .        |
|   . . .         |
|o.= o .          |
|oE.+ .           |
+-----------------+

会在用户目录~/.ssh/产生两个文件，id_rsa，id_rsa.pub

1 2	[root@iZ2ze7vlqunx6jumrds0v4Z .ssh]# ls id_rsa id_rsa.pub

将id_rsa.pub文件拷贝到远程主机的root用户主目录下的.ssh目录下,并且改名为authorized_keys

这样数据库服务器上使用scp命令复制文件到远程主机上将不提示输入密码了，直接自动复制了

说明：当远程主机的SSH远程端口修改后，SCP指令要加上端口号：

1	scp -p 端口号 $mysql_databases.$today".sql.gz" $remoteuser@$remoteip:$full_backup_dir

tomcat8安装配置优化

发表于 2017-06-02 | 更新于 2018-04-28 | 分类于 Java架构

Tomcat 8 安装

Tomcat 8 安装
- 官网：http://tomcat.apache.org/
- Tomcat 8 官网下载：http://tomcat.apache.org/download-80.cgi
- 此时（20170602） Tomcat 8 最新版本为：apache-tomcat-8.5.15.tar.gz
- Tomcat 8 下载：wget http://mirror.bit.edu.cn/apache/tomcat/tomcat-8/v8.5.15/bin/apache-tomcat-8.5.15.tar.gz
- 压缩包解压：tar -zxvf apache-tomcat-8.5.15.tar.gz
- 移到解压出来文件夹到 /usr/local 下：mv apache-tomcat-8.5.15/ /usr/local/

Tomcat 8 配置

设置 Tomcat 相关变量：

vim /usr/local/tomcat8/bin/catalina.sh

在配置文件的可编辑内容最上面（98 行开始），加上如下内容（具体参数根据你服务器情况自行修改）：

JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.8.0_72
   CATALINA_HOME=/usr/local/tomcat8
   CATALINA_OPTS="-Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 -server -Xms2048m -Xmx2048m -Xmn1024m -XX:PermSize=256m -XX:MaxPermSize=512m -XX:SurvivorRatio=10 -XX:MaxTenuringThreshold=15 -XX:NewRatio=2 -XX:+DisableExplicitGC"
   CATALINA_PID=$CATALINA_HOME/catalina.pid

如果使用 shutdown.sh 还无法停止 tomcat，可以修改其配置：vim /usr/local/tomcat8/bin/shutdown.sh
- 把最尾巴这一行：exec "$PRGDIR"/"$EXECUTABLE" stop "$@"
- 改为：exec "$PRGDIR"/"$EXECUTABLE" stop 10 -force

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利用Spring的Resource类读写中文Properties

发表于 2017-05-09 | 更新于 2018-04-28 | 分类于 Java架构

摘要

Spring对Properties的读取进行了完善而全面的封装，对于写则仍需配合FileOutputStream进行。

package com.oolong.common.util;

import org.springframework.core.io.support.PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver;
import org.springframework.core.io.support.ResourcePatternResolver;
import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;

public class UserVar {
  private static String configFile = "classpath*:param.properties";
  private static org.springframework.core.io.Resource resourceWritable;
  private static Properties p;

  /**
   * 注意事项:
   * 1、properties放在source目录下
   * 2、param.properties至少有一对键值对
   */
  static {
    p = new Properties();
    org.springframework.core.io.Resource[] resources = null;
    try {
      ResourcePatternResolver resolver = new PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver();
      resources = resolver.getResources(configFile);
      if (resources != null) {
        for (org.springframework.core.io.Resource r : resources) {
          if (r != null) {
            p.load(r.getInputStream());
            resourceWritable = r;
          }
        }
      }
    } catch (IOException e1) {
      e1.printStackTrace();
    }
  }

  public static String get(String key) {
    String v = (String) p.get(key);
    if (v != null) {
      try {
        return new String(v.getBytes("ISO-8859-1"), "GBK");
      } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
        return null;
      }
    }
    return null;
  }

  public static void set(String key,String value){
    if (null != resourceWritable) {
      try {
        OutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(resourceWritable.getFile());
        Properties p = new Properties();
        p.load(resourceWritable.getInputStream());
        value = new String(value.getBytes("GBK"),"ISO-8859-1");
        p.setProperty(key, value);
        p.store(fos, null);
        fos.close();
      } catch (IOException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
      }
    }
  }
}

Git入门

发表于 2017-03-03 | 更新于 2018-04-28 | 分类于 Java架构

基本了解

git命令是一些命令行工具的集合，它可以用来跟踪，记录文件的变动。比如你可以进行保存，比对，分析，合并等等。这个过程被称之为版本控制。已经有一系列的版本控制系统，比如SVN, Mercurial, Perforce, CVS, Bitkeepe等等。

Git是分布式的，这意味着它并不依赖于中心服务器，任何一台机器都可以有一个本地版本的控制系统，我们称之为仓库。如果是多人协作的话，你需要还需要一个线上仓库，用来同步信息。这就是GitHub, BitBucket的工作。

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